The Great Whirlpool Hopping Experiment

Discussion in 'Homebrewing' started by telejunkie, Apr 24, 2015.

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  1. telejunkie

    telejunkie Savant (1,107) Sep 14, 2007 Vermont

    The goal is to test for affects on hop oil extraction of various hop stand temps on the beer's flavor profile as well as aroma.

    So after bouncing some thoughts off of Naugled & JackHorzempa as well as consulting VikeMan's BrewCipher calculator....we've come up with the guidelines below. This is a first shot. Please let me know if you notice major flaws in the design. My hope is that folks capable of 11 gallon batches can split the post lautering wort to two vessels for boil & hop stand with at LEAST ONE variation listed below. The second vessel would have another variation listed below or a variation that they wanted to test.
    Water-Naugled suggested that we try to start with RO or distilled water and build a profile from there. I don't have access to RO water, but guess I could try to come up with a bunch of distilled water..although not too keen buying 20 gallons of distilled water...but for the sake of science would be willing to. Anybody else have trouble accessing RO water?
    IBUs are going to be a challenge to keep on an even keel, but I've used two different IBU estimators (my own & BrewCipher) and they both agreed that all 4 variations end up with about 66 IBUs. Also trying to note temp drop of your kettle during the hot hop stand will be helpful
    DH - was a bit of a debate about whether to add dry hops or not. Personally want this experiment to be primarily about the hop flavor profile that hops stand temps affect with secondary affects on the aroma profile. If we're going to be brewing a lot of this as well...I want to make sure that it's a damn drinkable beer too!

    5.5 gallons into fermenter
    estimating 72% mash efficiency

    estimated specs: OG = 1060 FG = 1012
    IBU = 66 SRM = 4 ABV =6.5%

    Grain bill
    11 lbs. (88%) North American 2-row (GW, Briess, Canadian or Rahr preferred)
    1 lb (8%) carapils
    0.5 lbs (4%) flaked or quick oats
    yeast - Chico (US-05, WLP001 or Wyeast 1056)
    water profile - chlorides around 50 ppm & sulfates at around 200 ppm

    hop bill
    Variation #1 - hot hopstand (zero chilling until after hopstand)
    bittering addition~24 ibus neutral hops, estimated 0.5oz magnum@ 14% AA
    whirlpoool addition ~42 ibus added just after FO, whirlpool for 30 mins total. estimating - 2oz Cascade @ 5% AA; 2 oz Centennial @ 9% AA
    dry hop - 1 oz Cascade, 1 oz Centennial

    Variation #2 - mid-range (after FO chill to 180F, add hops & whirlpool 30 mins)
    bittering addition~48 ibus neutral hops, estimated 1.2oz magnum@ 14% AA
    whirlpoool addition ~18 ibus added just after FO. estimating 2oz Cascade @ 5% AA; 2 oz Centennial @ 9% AA
    dry hop - 1 oz Cascade, 1 oz Centennial

    Variation #3 - low-range (after FO chill to 150F, add hops & whirlpool 30 mins)
    bittering addition~66 ibus neutral hops, estimated 1.4oz magnum@ 14% AA
    whirlpoool addition ~1 ibus added just after FO. 2oz Cascade; 2 oz Centennial
    dry hop - 1 oz Cascade, 1 oz Centennial

    Variation #4 - very low-range (after FO chill to 120F, add hops & whirlpool 30 mins)
    bittering addition~60 ibus neutral hops, estimated 1.4oz magnum@ 14% AA
    whirlpoool addition ~0 ibus added just after FO. 2oz Cascade; 2 oz Centennial
    dry hop - 1 oz Cascade, 1 oz Centennial
     
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  2. telejunkie

    telejunkie Savant (1,107) Sep 14, 2007 Vermont

    My hope is that everyone could brew their beer by Memorial day with a goal of a pre-4th of July packaging. If you plan to help out, you must be willing to send a bottle, or a couple to a team of testers. Where that takes place is still TBD...my hope is that we get enough that we have a couple different teams with lots of different variations. My thought is that maybe myself or someone's beer would be the control if that does take place.
    Thoughts?
     
  3. Mag00n

    Mag00n Initiate (0) Nov 21, 2008 New York

    Too small a brewer to participate. Will def be watching though. An extremely similar experiment has already been done.
     
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  4. telejunkie

    telejunkie Savant (1,107) Sep 14, 2007 Vermont

    Do you know by who or where it's posted? I've never seen one done before...
     
  5. inchrisin

    inchrisin Pooh-Bah (2,013) Sep 25, 2008 Indiana
    Pooh-Bah

    So we're just trying to see what happens with different hopstand times?
     
  6. wspscott

    wspscott Pooh-Bah (1,958) May 25, 2006 Kentucky
    Pooh-Bah

    I'm still interested in playing, but I'm trying to think of how to make this work from a practical point of view. Suppose I want to do #1 and #2 (hot and mid range stands), I can immediately drain off 5 gallons into a bucket and then do the #1 (hot hopstand) in my boil pot for 30mins then chill. Meanwhile, the other 5 gallons may have dropped to 180 (not likely) so transfer to boil pot, chill as necessary, then 30 min hopstand, then chill.

    Or I could do #1 as stated and just roll with whatever temp the 2nd 5 gallons has dropped to if it is below 180.

    How were you planning on doing this in practice? Any better ideas?

    Why both Cascade and Centennial (super Cascade)? I personally think it would be better for experimental purposes to avoid the dry hops all together.

    Just to clarify, 4oz total for the FO addition, right?
     
  7. StrawbzT5

    StrawbzT5 Initiate (0) Mar 10, 2015 Iowa

    https://byo.com/hops/item/2808-hop-stands

    Ran across this tidbit in Stan Hieronymous' "For the Love of Hops"..(eliminates the excrutiating amount of variables) but revisited under "Dry Hop Considerations" in the article, Rock Bottom Brewing did this in a more controlled way. Very interesting results!

    Cheers!
     
  8. ScrewyBrewer

    ScrewyBrewer Initiate (0) Jul 20, 2010 New Jersey

    I recall reading an article somewhere that mentioned the different types and staying power of aroma hopping. Ever since I've been using all three types in my IPAs.

    Kettle aroma hop where hops are boiled in the kettle for 5 minutes or less
    Whirlpooling/Knockout where the heat is turned off and aroma hop additions are then added to the slowly cooling wort
    Dry hopping where aroma hops are added to the fermenter post primary fermentation

    I wish I could find the link to the article but I'm sure someone else has stumbled upon it too. The article was written to address issues with hop aroma fading in the packaged beer and which method [Whirlpooling/Knockout] was reported to have kept the aroma the longest.
     
  9. koopa

    koopa Initiate (0) Apr 20, 2008 New Jersey

    Makes sense to me. The less time you boil off aromatic compounds (assuming all of your brewing, fermentation, and packaging processes are sound) the more you will retain in the final product.
     
  10. telejunkie

    telejunkie Savant (1,107) Sep 14, 2007 Vermont

    Correct, in my last HB club meeting we were talking about hop stand temps and duration. What the best temp for hop stand to extract & retain hop oils has been discussed many times across many hb forums obviously as well. Thought we could try to tackle one variable that I've never seen has been tested before...but seems to me, most homebrewers are dropping the wort temp down to some temp first before adding whirlpool hop addition with the thought that they're trying to retain more hop oils by dropping temp. So what temp is best?
    Keeping IBUs relatively constant is going to be a challenge for those that want to try #1 & #2 since #1 will continue to isomerize hops at a moderate-high rate. So collecting wort then divide off for a split boil would be the best for those. I do want to keep dry hops (albeit at a lower than normal level) to better simulate a real IPA although still trying to make the whirlpool addition the driving force for the flavor & aroma. Hope that makes sense. Also chose Cascade & Centennial just for ease of obtaining. My hope is that brewers would be using only fresh hops for this experiment.

    Rock Bottom's experiment tested whirlpool duration which found that at estimated >200F hop stand, oils were still be extracted after 50 minutes, since the 80 min hop stand scored higher for flavor than the 50 min (can't remember if it scored higher for aroma thought).
     
    #10 telejunkie, Apr 27, 2015
    Last edited: Apr 27, 2015
  11. Naugled

    Naugled Pooh-Bah (1,944) Sep 25, 2007 New York
    Pooh-Bah

    I'm in for this experiment but I won't be able to make the Memorial Day timeline. Unfortunately my next brewing opportunity won't be until July. What were your thoughts on logistics for tastings? Were you thinking of a bottle exhange? That could get pricey with 4 variations. How about trying to have a local group brew all 4 variations then sample/taste locally and then exchange the results with other groups? That would take the shipping and timing issues out. And produce independent results, which could indicate how repeatable this might be.

    I'm thinking about brewing all four variations in one brew day. I think I have the logistics and equipment figured out. I'll do a 12 gallon batch and split it into four 3 gal fermenters (cornies). I'll have to add the bittering additions in phases. I'm also going to complicate things a bit. I'm going to bottle half of each without the dry hops, and then DH the remaining halves and bottle those a few days later. I'm personally curious about how much DH'ing adds to a well WP'ed beer. I may pull two tasting panels together, one with beer geeks, and the other with homebrewers. It will be a lot of work, but will make July interesting for me.

    One last thought. How tightly held should the WP'ing temperature be? I'm thinking of hooking up an RIS to hold the last three variations close to the stated temps for the full 30 min.
     
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  12. telejunkie

    telejunkie Savant (1,107) Sep 14, 2007 Vermont

    Awesome Naugled!! I was hoping to get some of the other members of my hb club involved as well and then we could do a tasting at a meeting. I've got a meeting Wednesday so will be pitching the idea at that time. Also will be pitching it to other hb clubs in VT to see if they're interested. The more the merrier...would agree that independent results would be the best. Was just emailing Jack that if we can see general trends among different groups, then we can start to come up with some idea of how this factor is affecting our hoppy beers....heck we may even learn a little something about IBU contribution of whirlpool hops as well despite the fact that we are trying to make that a controlled factor.
    As for the temp of the whirlpool...was thinking that letting them just freefall would be the easiest albeit least controlled since Texas freefall would be different than Minnesota freefall this time of year...but I won't be able to do so with my design and guessing most others won't either. That said, sounds like you're going to be splitting enough that you could have enough datapoints to be stand-alone experiment. Fwiw, I calculated IBUs to be @ 200F for the #1, 172F for #2, 154F for #3 and 126F for #4.
    Cheers!
     
  13. Reneejane

    Reneejane Initiate (0) Jan 15, 2004 Illinois

    every home brewer should read that book. period.
     
  14. pweis909

    pweis909 Grand Pooh-Bah (3,250) Aug 13, 2005 Wisconsin
    Pooh-Bah

    I have a few comments:

    1. It is likely that different hops respond to hop stands differently because of differences in oil content. Using two hops (centennial and cascade) obscures this.

    2. I think that by also using dry hops, you are obscuring your ability to detect the impact of your experiment. I suppose you could argue that since most people making hoppy beers are dryhopping, that is the context in which you wish to evaluate the hopstand. If this is the case, I suggest some sort of sensory evaluation of the hop character before and after dry hopping.

    3. Time in hopstand, whirlpool mixing, and temperature will conspire to influence how much hop oils get volatilized.
    A. Temp is the factor you wish to test.
    B. It looks like you are setting time at 30 min. Is this arbitrary or base on some pre-existing understanding.
    C. Perhaps you could not whirlpool when hops are in the wort so as not to cause mixing that continuously brings hop oils to the surface where the volatilize? I've never seen anyone address this. Perhaps it is a non-issue. It only just occurred to me.
     
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  15. Brew_Betty

    Brew_Betty Initiate (0) Jan 5, 2015 Wisconsin

    The same hops will vary depending on where they were grown, when they were picked and how they were packaged. Since the intention is to crowd source this experiment, there are too many variables that won't be consistent. The ingredients won't be the same and the process won't be the same. People won't chill at the same rates. People won't ferment in the same vessel. People won't expose the beer to the same amount of oxygen. Shipping will alter the beers in different ways. The list goes on and on.

    If you proceed with this experiment, I would consider the results to be interesting, but inconclusive. Hop steeps are something individuals can try on their own terms and they determine what works best for them. I suppose there are people who prefer to have other people decide what works best for them, so maybe it's worth doing for them???
     
  16. pweis909

    pweis909 Grand Pooh-Bah (3,250) Aug 13, 2005 Wisconsin
    Pooh-Bah

    I would actually argue the opposite. If an experiment with this many uncontrolled variables has clear cut results, the controlled factors are quite important. However, I think my IF is a big one, and I am doubtful that clear cut results can be revealed.
     
  17. Naugled

    Naugled Pooh-Bah (1,944) Sep 25, 2007 New York
    Pooh-Bah

    That's a good point. We might be able to control this a little.

    Telejunkie, did you buy your hops for this yet? It looks like we will need about a lb of each hop for all 4 variations. If we pick a supplier and all purchase from the same place it's likely we will all start with the same hops. If you get a local group together you can split the hop purchase.

    Thanks for the averages, let me know if they change. I'll use these as my set points for the RIMs, it may be more like a suos vide, but either way I plan to control the temperatures.

    btw: pweis909 has a good point with the DH'ing :rolling_eyes: Could you bottle some none DH'ed beer before you dry hop?

    aside: I think using two hops is ok in this case, we're not trying to find which hop contributes more, just trying to find a temperature dependency.

    Good feedback so far.
     
  18. JackHorzempa

    JackHorzempa Grand Pooh-Bah (3,375) Dec 15, 2005 Pennsylvania
    Society Pooh-Bah

    @Naugled

    “Could you bottle some none DH'ed beer before you dry hop?”

    Hmmm?

    I ferment in a primary bucket and I dry hop in my primary. I also happen to own a 3 gallon carboy that I use to lager small batches but I suppose it could function as a secondary for dry hopping?

    Just thinking out loud:

    When the primary fermentation is complete and the beer is ready for dry hopping I suppose I could:

    · Siphon half of the beer to the 3 gallon carboy and dry hop that portion

    · Siphon the other half to my bottling bucket and bottles those beers without dry hopping

    I would think this process would ‘work’?

    Cheers!
     
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  19. telejunkie

    telejunkie Savant (1,107) Sep 14, 2007 Vermont

    Definitely great feedback...I do have 2014 harvest from Farmhouse Brewing...but would definitely be willing to do a group buy for uniformity purposes in that realm.

    Naugled, now on board with your idea about bottling some prior to dry hopping. Don't think I see a reason it would be a problem to bottle several bottles prior to dry hopping. I need to go back to your process Naugled...but may try to duplicate how your splitting the batches up.

    That sounds good Jack! My only concern is racking the dry hop portion one more time than the non-dry hopped portion. Unless you're using closed system racking, then O2 uptake have detrimental effects...
     
    #19 telejunkie, Apr 28, 2015
    Last edited: Apr 28, 2015
  20. JackHorzempa

    JackHorzempa Grand Pooh-Bah (3,375) Dec 15, 2005 Pennsylvania
    Society Pooh-Bah

    There is no denying that there is some concern here.

    Cheers!
     
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