historical differences between pale malts?

Discussion in 'Homebrewing' started by bgjohnston, Dec 18, 2013.

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  1. bgjohnston

    bgjohnston Initiate (0) Jan 14, 2009 Connecticut

    Hi everyone,

    Following a link off another thread, I found a couple of recipes for ales that were brewed in the mid 1800s that I want to try. The descriptions of the hops and the yeast are straightforward, but the malts called for are a combination of Scottish pale malt, English pale malt, and Continental pale malt.

    My guess is that the English pale malt would be Marris Otter, but I do not know of a distinct Scottish pale malt that would be meaningfully different. I am also unclear as to how Continental malt from this time period compares to choices available today.

    If anyone has an educated guess or knows of a resource that can help me distinguish and find current substitutions for pale malts from the mid 1800s, I would appreciate it.
     
  2. OddNotion

    OddNotion Pooh-Bah (1,915) Nov 1, 2009 New Jersey
    Pooh-Bah

    The only Scottish Pale malt I know of is Golden Promise. Agreeing with what you said, I do not see it as meaningfully different if blended with MO.
     
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  3. JohnSnowNW

    JohnSnowNW Initiate (0) Feb 6, 2013 Minnesota

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  4. telejunkie

    telejunkie Savant (1,107) Sep 14, 2007 Vermont

    Minor technical point, think they want to say pale ale malt, not pale malt. Also not sure why they would have three different base malts in there...but agree with previous posters. Golden Promise mixed with like an MO or Pearl should produce a great beer...but heck so will a beer with just GP, MO or Pearl. Anyway...would stick with the pale ale malts, not pale malts and I probably wouldn't even bother putting in the continental unless you have it on hand.
     
  5. marquis

    marquis Pooh-Bah (2,313) Nov 20, 2005 England
    Pooh-Bah

    MO and GP are relatively recent varieties and are probably unlike 19th century barley. Fuller's used Plumage Archer which dates back to 1903 in their Past Masters range (here's an extract from one of Ron Pattinson's books) http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=KbjXAQAAQBAJ&pg=PA180&lpg=PA180&dq=plumage archer fullers&source=bl&ots=bJ6N9rSdks&sig=c0XEiSlsfQqiXMDsduBwDscR9U8&hl=en&sa=X&ei=o-GxUvCsMq-A7Qbx1YHgCQ&ved=0CGsQ6AEwBw#v=onepage&q=plumage archer fullers&f=false
    Recently Chevallier has been rescussitated;this was a popular 19th century malting barley

    http://zythophile.wordpress.com/tag/chevallier-barley/
     
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  6. bgjohnston

    bgjohnston Initiate (0) Jan 14, 2009 Connecticut

  7. bgjohnston

    bgjohnston Initiate (0) Jan 14, 2009 Connecticut

    The Chevallier is intriguing, interesting how it has higher protein content and produces beer with a higher residual gravity. It seems it would be possible to get there mashing a bit hotter with a good U.K. 2-row base malt. I have part of a sack of Irish ale malt and might just go ahead and use that for a first attempt.
     
  8. JackHorzempa

    JackHorzempa Grand Pooh-Bah (3,375) Dec 15, 2005 Pennsylvania
    Society Pooh-Bah

    There is an article in the Oct. 2013 BYO magazine entitled Historical Homebrew: The Story of Hammersmith Ales by Michael Madaus. The article is about Christopher Bowen and how he brews 18th & 19th century beers.

    An extract from the article: “When obtaining malt for a 200 year old recipe, for example, Bowen chooses Thomas Fawcett, a company that has operated on the same site in Castleford, England, since 1809. “In creating a beer from 1810, you want to get malt from a company that was around and making it during that time, Bowen explained”.

    I wish I had contact information on Christopher Bowen. All I know is that he lives in Bethlehem, PA and is an avid beer historian and homebrewer. Based upon the article I am 100% confident that he would be happy to help you brew your mid-1800s beer. His passion for his hobby really comes through in this article.

    Cheers!

    P.S. Maybe there is a way to contact the author (Michael Madaus) through the BYO website and he can connect you with Christopher Bowen?
     
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  9. VikeMan

    VikeMan Grand Pooh-Bah (3,067) Jul 12, 2009 Pennsylvania
    Pooh-Bah

    Contact Betsy Parks (current editor) at BYO. [email protected] is one of the generic emails that should reach her. Explain politely why you want to contact the author. She'll most likely contact the author and either pass your question along or (with the author's permission) provide you with the author's contact info.
     
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  10. hopfenunmaltz

    hopfenunmaltz Pooh-Bah (2,635) Jun 8, 2005 Michigan
    Pooh-Bah

    I made an old school IPA recently (still in primary) influenced by the Mitch Steele book. It used a lb. of EKG for 10 gallons, 70 IBU. For malt it had 10 lbs of Crisp MO, 5 lb pearl, and 10 lb of Simpsons Golden Promise. There is a distinct difference between the TF GP and the Simpson GP, as those are 3.5L and 2L respectively. The Simpson GP was used as he talked of using some Pils malt with MO to get something like the old white malt that was used.

    For the continental pale ale malt try a Belgian Pale ale malt, or Weyermann Pale ale malt.
     
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  11. Hanglow

    Hanglow Pooh-Bah (2,051) Feb 18, 2012 Scotland
    Pooh-Bah

    I wonder if low colour MO would be better than the normal stuff as like hopfenunmaltz says the white malt was lighter in colour. It's a great base for hoppy golden ales at least
     
  12. pweis909

    pweis909 Grand Pooh-Bah (3,250) Aug 13, 2005 Wisconsin
    Pooh-Bah

    This makes me think I should start getting this magazine again. I stopped because it felt like there was too much overlap between this and Zymurgy, and that they both seem to retread a lot of turf. But now I find wishing Zymurgy showed up more frequently in my mailbox. Maybe I'll Xmas gift me a new BYO subscription.
     
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  13. pweis909

    pweis909 Grand Pooh-Bah (3,250) Aug 13, 2005 Wisconsin
    Pooh-Bah

    Was just thumbing through this again last night, thinking that I ought to base some 2014 beers on recipes in here. Let me know if you have favorites that you tried. Seem to remember you did one of the Ballantine recipes.
     
  14. hopfenunmaltz

    hopfenunmaltz Pooh-Bah (2,635) Jun 8, 2005 Michigan
    Pooh-Bah

    I used a recipe that I found on the web, that my friend Jeff Renner had a discussion on. The beer was really good, and Jeff and club members said it was, at a club meeting. One of the guys who is a very good brewer asked for the recipe, and I sent it to him. He made it and won the IPA category at the competition our club runs each year. Y
    The beer was based on this discussion. Used Bullion for first addition. Have Brewers Gold now for the next time I brew it. It gets better with age, and I plan on dry hopping after aging next time.
    http://www.beerandloafing.org/hbd/fetch.php?id=87506

    The Fatheads Headhunter recipe made a really good modern IPA.
     
  15. bgjohnston

    bgjohnston Initiate (0) Jan 14, 2009 Connecticut

    Thanks, everyone, I will contact the editor at BYO re: my question, and see if that leads to some recommendations that will get me in the ballpark. In the meantime I will also check on getting Fawcett and some of the others in via my local shop. The grain bills are substantial enough to justify a couple of big sacks of the right stuff if it comes to that.
     
  16. marquis

    marquis Pooh-Bah (2,313) Nov 20, 2005 England
    Pooh-Bah

    Fawcett's are excellent maltsters (my local brewer won't use anything else) but for the life of me I can't see why the fact it has been around since 1809 makes it a better source of historic malt.Have they still got their old drum kilns (such as Fuller's used in their recreations) and more importantly , have they access to historic barley strains?
     
  17. bgjohnston

    bgjohnston Initiate (0) Jan 14, 2009 Connecticut

    As an old history major in undergraduate school many years ago now, I still enjoy researching the history of such things that have a long tradition. The puzzle for me in this instance is that malts were not described the same way as they are now, production techniques have evolved, and available varieties have changed.

    So, to re-create the recipe in a pragmatic way, I have to look at the products we have available now, and try to match one or more of them to what was called for in the historic recipe based on known characteristics of the malts described therein. Did the recipe blend base malts deliberately to achieve certain characteristics, or was the ratio governed by nothing more than what was available in inventory at the brewery at that moment in time? I will never know.

    If I knew that "Continental pale malt" from the 1872 recipe most closely resembled what US 2-row is today, I would be happy to try the recipe with US 2-row, even though various continental malts are available to me. I have no doubt that today's Marris Otter or Golden Promise is better malt than what would typically have been available back then. I have no problem using better malts. I was just interested in what known characteristics might have caused the recipe to be written specifying a ratio of 2 different base malts based on historic and largely unhelpful descriptions. The link provided by JohnSnowNW is to a good discussion of different base malts, and it illustrates that distinctive color and flavor is produced by each one.

    In the end I may just take my best guess and/or pick from malts I like best for the recipe idea. But I am still enjoying digging around, and if I could get more information on historical descriptions of what the different malts specified were like, then I would love to read up on that.
     
  18. JackHorzempa

    JackHorzempa Grand Pooh-Bah (3,375) Dec 15, 2005 Pennsylvania
    Society Pooh-Bah

    My memory doesn’t always ‘click’ at the same time.

    A person you should contact with you questions is Bob Grossman. He gave a presentation at the 2013 NHC entitled: Colonial Brewing Practices and Beers with the Influences of Historical British Styles.

    Bob is a VERY accomplished homebrewer and at the presentation he provided samples of 6 historical beers he brewed: Sage Ale, Parsnip,Pumpkin, & Walnut Ale, 1750 Porter, George Washington’s Small Beer, Benjamin Franklin’s Spruce Beer, and Master Webb’s Braggot. All 6 of the beers were tasty and well brewed; my favorite was the 1750 Porter. He brewed all of these beers with present day ingredients (e.g., present day malts and present day yeasts). He did make his own Essentia Bina (Essentia Bina is made from sugar boiled until thick and syrupy and black and extremely bitter) to make the 1750 Porter.

    Bob Grossman is an enthusiastic beer historian. He brought in as a ‘show & tell’ part of his presentation a BIG stack of historical books that he owns and you would have thought you were at a farmer’s market with the amount of sage, parsnip and other ingredients that he grew in his garden (and that he brews with). He offered his garden good to the audience to take home with them.

    The last chart of the presentation provided contact information: [email protected]

    I strongly encourage you to contact Bob and discuss your beer making. It would not surprise me that Bob will provide you with his phone number and that you would have hours long conversations about historical brewing.

    Bob is a wealth of information and he is very generous in sharing what he has learned over the years.

    Cheers!
     
  19. GreenKrusty101

    GreenKrusty101 Initiate (0) Dec 4, 2008 Nevada

    I would think the main difference would be consistency, mostly in the form of moisture content and modification (other than the obvious genetic differences with modern hybrid malts)

    Just guessing
     
  20. patto1ro

    patto1ro Pooh-Bah (2,084) Apr 26, 2004 Netherlands
    Pooh-Bah

    There's a very good reason for using multiple base malts: to even out the differences between different batches of malt. If you used just one then changed to another, there could be a big change in the flavour of the beer. Buy never changing more than a third of the malt, you don't have that problem. They did the same thing with hops.
     
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